Why do down quilts leak? Can it be avoided?
There are many reasons for down leakage, such as: 1. The fabric has poor down resistance, 2. The down quality is poor, 3. The down product process is not good, 4 , improper use and maintenance. They are described below.
1. The fabric has poor down resistance
There are many kinds of duvet fabrics, which can be divided into different materials. : 100% cotton, 100% polyester (peach skin, pongee, etc.), polyester-cotton blended (TTC), polyester-cotton interwoven (Rose silk, etc.), silk-cotton interwoven (cotton and silk), viscose fiber (Tencel cotton, etc.) ), nylon, etc.
No matter what the material is, it can be divided into: plain fabric, twill fabric, and satin fabric in terms of organization. If the yarn count is the same and the density is the same, without coating, the plain weave is larger than the twill weave, and the twill weave is larger than the satin weave, because plain weave means yarns cross each other in pairs, with the smallest gaps; twill weave means skipping one yarn; satin weave The pattern is made of multiple yarns. It’s obvious that the larger the gaps in the yarn, the greater the potential for linting.
Fabric anti-lint treatment:
Calendering anti-lint: roll the fabric with a calender, and The gap in the middle of the yarn is reduced to achieve the anti-lint effect. In the past, the maximum load of the calender was only 30 tons. Now with the improvement of the technology, the load of the calender can reach 120 tons. Therefore, many calenders could not be calendered and anti-lint in the past. Fabrics can now achieve excellent velvet resistance, which is why many articles now seem to have very funny theories.
Coated anti-lint: Apply a layer of polymer compound on the back of the fabric. It forms one or more films on the surface of the fabric through adhesion, which not only improves the appearance and style of the fabric, but also increases the functionality of the fabric and gives the fabric more physical properties.
So many articles say that if the fabric is not coated, it will not be velvet-proof, which is also wrong. As long as the fabric density is sufficient, there is absolutely no problem with the velvet-proof effect.
Each consumer area has different fabric preferences. For example, low-end products: Japan and Italy like polyester-cotton TTC fabrics
Germany and France like 233,280 cotton fabrics. The United States and some developing countries like dobby cotton fabrics. Some small countries in Europe and Latin America like 233 peach skin. But it’s not absolute, just a certain preference.
In China, because there is no absolute oligarch in down products, or there is no absolute professional brand, the fabrics are very confusing, and the practitioners are basically export-oriented enterprises. If you register a brand for domestic sales, the remaining fabrics will be exported and used for whatever they are useful for. Therefore, no matter what yarn count the fabric is, it is available. For example, low-end 233 peach skin fabrics are available, ranging from 100% cotton fabrics to 40S fabrics, up to 120S satin cotton, silk and cotton interwoven, etc.
But each fabric has its limitations. For example, plain fabric has the best anti-velvet effect, but it is noisy and not soft enough; twill fabric is not light and thin enough; although satin fabric feels soft, , the noise is small, but the anti-velvet index cannot be achieved. For example, five pieces of three-fly satin span three yarns, so the gap is relatively large and the velvet is easy to run away.
So, don’t use fabrics alone to evaluate whether down products will leak. Perhaps inferior fabrics will cause down quilts to leak, but that unless it is a very poor fabric. , the probability of lint running out of general fabrics is not very high.
2. The quality of down is poor
Down is a very complicated thing. We do not separate duck down and goose down, because no matter where it is, One kind, the composition inside is similar. When you buy a down quilt or down jacket, the down inside includes: down (down), velvet, hair (neck hair), wool, damaged hair, immature down, land bird feathers, impurities, etc.
No existing machine can extract 100% down, so many online stores often use 100% down filling as a publicity stunt. , this itself is an unprofessional performance. With today’s technology, if it is made from ordinary raw materials, it is really rare to be able to produce about 93% down, which can become the European standard 100% down and the domestic bedding standard 98% down.
Among all the ingredients, velvet, wool, immature velvet, neck hair, etc. are all very small. Generally, what comes out of the product is basically these ingredients. Generally, the diameter of down jackets can reach more than 1cm, so they cannot escape from the middle of the fabric or from the pinholes. You can think back to your experience of wearing down jackets and ask whether the ones that come out of the pinholes are usually tiny threads, or are they? The sharp little pieces of hair at the tail are generally called flying silk. The small pieces of hair are basically the neck hair of ducks and geese, and there are no florets of down. Therefore, I can responsibly say that most of the reasons for the down that actually escapes are because there are more flying silk or neck hair inside.
Of course, any down cannot avoid the presence of velvet or wool. Even all down standards in the world have a certain tolerance for these indicators, such as Australian down. Italian profitThe national standard is 10%, the Japanese standard is 10% of down content, and the domestic bedding standard is 10%.
Therefore, in order to prevent flying silk from running out in the future, the first choice is to choose products with less flying silk content.
3. The process of down products is not good
The process factors that can cause down products to run out include: There are many, such as pinholes, the process structure of the product, the size of the sewing needle used, etc.
Needle hole:
The structure of the sewing machine needle is a structure with a lower tip and a thicker top. The sewing principle of the sewing machine is 301 Lock-type connection, that is, the upper thread is connected to the lower thread to lock the fabric. Therefore, generally during the sewing process, once the bottom thread in the shuttle of the sewing machine is used up, there will definitely be a period of empty stepping, that is, the needle is moving. But if there is no thread, pinholes will appear. These holes have no thread, so the risk of flying wires escaping will increase.
In another case, if the needle breaks, the tail of the needle will be thicker, and there will be a pinhole, and it will be very large, and the yarn will be cut directly. , during use, yarn drawing and other situations will also occur. Such pinholes are very prone to serious risks of velvet running.
Technology:
The structure of down quilts can be divided into cut-through structures and standing lining structures. Down jackets are generally cut-through structures. Wear structure.
Let’s take a duvet as an example: the cut-through structure uses a sewing machine or quilting machine to directly connect the inner and outer fabrics with threads, and the outer and inner fabrics are directly attached; the standing lining structure is the inner and outer fabrics. The cloth is sewn with a layer of warp knitted cloth (or other fabrics), and then the warp knitted cloth is combined to form a matchbox structure. It is a three-dimensional method.
The cut-through structure
is to first make a vertical ridged structure, then fill it with down, and then do it after the filling is completed Horizontal cutting, because during this process, if the worker is not very careful, the machine needle is very likely to cut into the down, taking part of the down out of the quilt surface, increasing the risk of down escaping.
This kind of problem basically exists in cut-through quilts. Therefore, dark-colored cut-through quilts are rarely chosen by brands. What’s more, some manufacturers, such as duvets that cost one or two hundred yuan on Taobao, will use quilting machines to make duvets to reduce labor costs and cut through both horizontal and vertical threads, doubling the risk of down fleece.
The vertical lining structure
is filled with down after the quilt shell is made. Each grid is filled with down. It already exists in advance, and there is no need to use a sewing machine to separate it later, so the risk of running down of the standing quilt will be less than that of cutting through the quilt at this stage.
Needle size:
Making duvets has great requirements on the needle model. . The larger the needle number, the larger the needle hole. Generally, factories use No. 11 needles, which are fast and have ideal pin holes.
But the most ideal needle for making down products is No. 9 needle or No. 7 needle. The needle hole is small, but the speed is slow. The factory does not like to use it, so there are only some small down products. Only product stores will use it.
4. Improper use and maintenance
Duvets are not easy to harden, so they are easier to take care of. But at the same time it is more delicate. Down products should not be exposed to the scorching sun. Exposure to the sun will make the down filaments brittle and easy to break and form flying filaments. They should also not be washed, as washing will make the pinholes larger. The centrifugal effect of the dehydration process will also throw the feathers out of the pinholes, causing the risk of hair loss. .
If there are children at home who like to play on the bed, or some people are used to lying on the down quilt, because the down is full of air, the instantaneous squeezing will cause the air to flow out rapidly, which will cause Bring out the down, so in order to extend the service life, please avoid the above misunderstandings during use.
To sum up, down fleece is a very complicated problem. There will be some flying silk in down products, but it is not harmful. With good filling materials for bedding and warm clothing, a little disadvantage is insignificant. As long as you don’t believe the advertisements of some low-price products, increase your knowledge about down, and maintain it properly, you can use down quilts very worry-free.
