Core tip: Most clothes are made of cotton, so let’s start with cotton fabrics.
Most of the clothes are made of cotton. So let’s start with cotton fabrics.
Pure cotton: natural fabric, comfortable to wear, breathable, warm, but easy to wrinkle, difficult to care for, poor durability, and easy to fade. Therefore, there are very few 100% cotton fabrics. Usually, the fabrics containing more than 95% cotton are called pure cotton. Advantages: strong hygroscopicity, good dyeing performance, soft hand feel, comfortable to wear, no static electricity, good breathability, anti-allergic, simple appearance, not easy to be moth-eaten, durable, easy to clean. Disadvantages: large shrinkage, poor elasticity, easy to wrinkle, poor shape retention of clothing, easy to mildew, slight fading, and not acid resistant.
Organic cotton: It is a kind of cotton that uses non-GMO cotton seeds, is produced according to organic agriculture standards and is certified. Its planting process does not use any chemical fertilizers or pesticides. , environmentally friendly and pollution-free. Advantages: soft feel and bright color, organic cotton has much better wear resistance and elasticity than ordinary cotton, is not prone to mildew, is not allergic, and has better absorption, breathability, and warmth retention. Disadvantages: high cost, expensive, very average wrinkle resistance, easy to stick to hair.
Modal: It is a kind of cellulose fiber. It is a cellulose fiber like rayon and is a pure man-made fiber.
Advantages: Excellent moisture absorption capacity and breathability, not easy to fade, not easy to yellow, wrinkle, or shrink, has natural drape and anti-wrinkle properties, with silk Such light feeling and excellent texture. Disadvantages: Very easy to deform, higher cost than ordinary cotton fabrics, poor wear resistance, easy to break.
Cotton fabric: Cotton is the general term for all types of cotton textiles. Advantages: It is easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, hygroscopic and breathable. Disadvantages: Easy to shrink and wrinkle, not very crisp and beautiful in appearance, must be ironed frequently when wearing.
Cotton mercerized fabric: Advantages: After the cotton fabric is treated with high-concentration caustic soda (hair), it feels smooth, has bright colors, silky luster, and is comfortable to wear. Disadvantages: slight fading.
T/C fabric (polyester/cotton): refers to the general term for blended fabrics of polyester and cotton, using 65%-67% polyester and 33%-35% cotton Textiles woven from mixed yarns are commonly known as cotton. Polyester-cotton blended products are generally called CVC yarn if the cotton content is higher than polyester, and vice versa. What we usually call CVC refers to products with a cotton content of more than 65%, and those with a C/T ratio of less than 55/45 are generally still It’s called T/C yarn.
Fabric technology: interwoven with fine or ultra-fine denier polyester fiber and high-count combed cotton (40, 60, 80, etc.). Advantages: The fabric feels crisp and smooth, has bright color, has a body and is elastic, has good moisture absorption and breathability, has a smooth surface, and has a certain rainproof function. Disadvantages: vacuum, difficult to wash, cannot be ironed at high temperatures or soaked.
Lycra (spandex): It is a fabric made of spandex fiber (short for Spandex polyurethane fiber). It is also called “Lajia” (Lycra in Cantonese). Cantonese pronunciation), sometimes directly called “spandex cloth” in the mainland.
Advantages: good elasticity, good alkali resistance and heat resistance. Disadvantages: It is prone to yellowing when exposed to the sun and prone to mold when exposed to moisture.
Denim: It is a thicker yarn-dyed warp-face twill cotton fabric. The warp yarn is dark in color, usually indigo blue, and the weft yarn is light in color, usually light gray or scouring. The original white gauze. Also known as indigo labor cloth. Advantages: A piece of fabric can be washed in infinite colors and styles.
Disadvantages: The color fastness is not good, the color fades badly, and the color of the clothes cannot be controlled. Among them, thin cloth: soft to the touch, comfortable, cool, light but easy to wrinkle, and not wear-resistant. Thick cloth: wear-resistant, wear-resistant, washable, not easy to wrinkle but feels hard and not easy to wash.
Corduroy: A cotton fabric with cut weft piles and longitudinal velvet strips formed on the surface. It is named because the corduroy velvet strips resemble rush wicks. The raw material of corduroy is mainly cotton, but it is also blended with polyester, acrylic, spandex and other chemical fibers.
Advantages: soft feel, round and straight velvet strips, clear texture, plump velvet, firm and wear-resistant texture. Disadvantages: It is easier to tear, especially the tearing strength along the velvet direction is low, and hair is easy to stick to.
Cotton and linen: the general name for cotton and linen blended fabrics. Cotton and linen blends refer to textile products made by mixing cotton and linen in a certain proportion. Cotton and linen blends have the advantages of environmental protection, breathability, comfort, good drape, and comfortable wearing. Because the fabric has good elasticity and wear resistance in both dry and wet conditions, is dimensionally stable, has low shrinkage, is tall and straight, not easy to wrinkle, easy to wash, and quick-drying, and is woven with all-natural fibers, it is low-carbon and environmentally friendly. , which is consistent with the current international textile and clothing fashion trends, so it is very suitable for clothing and home textile fabrics.
Advantages: Excellent breathability, fast moisture absorption and moisture removal, light and cool, antibacterial and anti-mildew, anti-static, radiation-proof and anti-allergy. Disadvantages: Suitable for hand washing, easy to deform, fluff, severely floating, easy to yellow, and easy to fade when exposed to sunlight.
Hemp: There are many varieties of hemp fiber, but only a few soft hemp fibers such as ramie, flax, jute and apocynum can be used as textile fiber materials. The main component of hemp is cellulose, as well as pectin, fat, lignin, etc. Advantages: strong, not easy to tear, breathable, unique cool feeling, excellentThe ground is delicate, soft to the touch, no lint, no pilling. Does not fade. Excellent water absorption performance, three times that of pure cotton products. No irritation to skin, no allergy. Beautiful appearance and rich colors. It is an alternative product to cotton bathrobes that has just emerged abroad.
Disadvantages: It is easy to generate static electricity. Due to the weaving principle, there will be lint loss. It is recommended to wash it before wearing it. Because of the tendency to shed loose hair, it is recommended that people with sensitive skin and asthma should avoid wearing this fabric.
Polar fleece: Polar fleece is a kind of knitted fabric. It has a small ingot knitted structure. The front of the fabric is brushed. The polar fleece is fluffy and dense but not easy to shed or pill. , the nap on the reverse side is sparse and even, the fluff is short, the texture is clear, fluffy and elastic. Its ingredients are generally polyester and soft to the touch.
Acrylic: It is a man-made fiber made of polymers with an average molecular weight of 100,000 and contains approximately 1,900 monomer units. The monomer of acrylic fiber contains at least 85% acrylonitrile, and other monomers are added for copolymerization. The commonly used copolymer molecules are vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate.
Advantages: good elasticity, high recovery rate, better warmth retention than wool, very soft hand feel, high strength, sun resistance and acid resistance. Disadvantages: Lack of Alkaline Resistance: Extra care should be taken when using alkaline cleaners during cleaning. The heat resistance is average. At high temperatures of about 190 to 230 degrees, relatively high temperatures also have a greater impact on acrylic fiber fabrics, and the acrylic fibers will become soft and have poor hygroscopicity.
Fleece cloth: one side of fleece, fleece fabric with strong style and texture, soft, comfortable, good elasticity, strong wear resistance, and a large amount of fluff between It stores air so it has good thermal insulation performance.
Terry cloth: This kind of fabric has a plump and thick feel, a strong and thick body, good elasticity, hygroscopicity, and warmth retention, a stable terry structure, and has good wearability performance. Mainly used as sportswear, lapel T-shirts, pajamas, children’s clothing and other fabrics.
Chiffon: also known as georgette, is a silk fabric woven with strong twisted crepe warp and crepe weft. The warp and weft are made of S twist and Z twist. A kind of strong yarn with different twist directions is arranged alternately according to ZS and 2Z, and is interlaced in a plain weave design. The warp and weft density of the fabric is very small.
Advantages: Thin and soft, natural drape, skin-friendly, cool and breathable, light and elegant appearance, elegant and comfortable to wear. Disadvantages: It easily turns gray and light after washing, and will turn yellow when exposed to the sun. It is relatively troublesome to take care of, lacks firmness, is easily stretched, and the seams are easy to tear.
Nylon (nylon): The scientific name is nylon, and the chemical name is “polyesteramine fiber”. “Nylon” is the transliteration of the product’s name. Now it is also called nylon on the market. Nylon is the earliest synthetic fiber to appear in the world. Its excellent performance and abundant raw material resources have made it still in use today.
Advantages: soft and lightweight, strong waterproof and windproof performance, high wear resistance, good strength and elasticity. Disadvantages: not light-resistant, easy to age, not ventilated, easy to snag.
Leather fabric: Leather is an animal fur fabric that has been tanned. It can be divided into two categories: one is leather, which is leather that has been dehaired. The second is fur, which is processed leather with fur. Advantages: light, warm, elegant and luxurious.
Disadvantages: expensive, high storage and care requirements.
Imitation leather (including flocking, knitted sleeves) fabric technology: The fabric is made of high-quality base fabric and high-grade PU glue. Advantages: The fabric has the “meaty” feel of genuine leather, is soft, smooth, elastic, has a soft luster, has excellent non-iron properties, and has good wind, rain, and water resistance. (The imitation leather flocking type has a strong plush feel and reflects the animal fur style, which is rough and wild).
Blended fabric: It is a fabric that combines many fabrics into one. It has the advantages of good water absorption, good breathability, soft texture, etc., and at the same time avoids the defects of various fabrics as much as possible. Due to its shortcomings and low cost, it has become one of the most widely used fabrics.
Today’s fabric knowledge will be introduced here first. If there are any other fabrics that you need to know, you can also talk about it, and then I will sort it out for you.
