Basic structure and characteristics
The weft insertion method of the projectile loom relies on the projectile with a shuttle clamp for weft insertion. Projectile looms have the characteristics of large beating force, wide weft adaptability, and extra wide weaving, and occupy a very important position in the weaving field. Projectile looms produced by the Swiss SULTEX Company (formerly the Swiss Sulzer Textile Machinery Company) are widely used in our country. In addition, my country’s Jiangxi Nanchang Nanfei Fabric Machinery Co., Ltd. has introduced Sulzer projectile loom technology and also produces projectile looms. Projectile loom production technology is also constantly developing. The current main models are P7300 and P7300HP. Here we mainly introduce the representative Sulzer P7300 projectile loom.
The main mechanisms of the projectile loom include the frame, electronic and electrical control box, display terminal, main transmission system, shuttle picking mechanism, beating mechanism, shedding mechanism, let-off mechanism, take-up mechanism, automatic weft search and slow motion speed transmission device, lubrication system and air flow cleaning device, etc.
1. Rack
The rack is firmly connected by screws to the cast iron wall panels on both sides and the middle beam. The main box of the projectile loom is installed on the middle beam. From the left side of the loom, they are: weft insertion box, left hook box, beating box, right hook box, shuttle box, and conveyor chain box. wait. The P7300 projectile loom adopts a new frame wall panel, adds a cross support, and strengthens the screw connection between the wall panels on both sides and the middle beam. The machine structure can withstand greater loads and simplifies assembly and disassembly. operation.
2. Transmission system
The loom is driven by a motor mounted on the right wall panel through a “V” shaped belt pulley to the main shaft of the loom. The main shaft passes through the beat-up box, and each beat-up box is equipped with a pair of beat-up conjugate cams on the main shaft. The loom drives the beat-up through the conjugate cams. The left side of the main shaft extends into the lower half of the weft insertion box and drives other mechanisms of the loom through the gears on the main shaft. The transmission device of the loom is composed of the motor’s belt pulley, clutch mechanism, switch mechanism, braking mechanism and anti-reversal mechanism. The P7300 projectile loom has enhanced the main drive clutch, optimized the braking performance of the loom, and reduced the braking load of the loom by up to 30%. In addition, it simplifies assembly and disassembly operations and reduces maintenance time.
3. Pick-up mechanism
The pick-up mechanism adopts a torsion shaft pick-up mechanism. By twisting the torsion shaft, the elastic energy is stored in the torsion shaft. After the twisting is completed, the connecting rod system is in a stable dead state. point position, by destroying the dead center position of the shuttle cam, the elastic energy in the torsion shaft is suddenly released, thereby pushing the shuttle to fly. The P7300 projectile loom optimizes the acceleration angle of the shuttle lever, further improving mechanical efficiency; it optimizes the leisure curve of the shuttle cam, making the shuttle shuttle leisurely harmonious and smooth, and reducing the stress on each component of the shuttle mechanism. In addition, the shuttle picking mechanism of the P7300 projectile loom also enhances the strength of the shuttle shaft, adopts a new steel shuttle rod, lengthens the torsion bar, and adopts 4 supporting points on the cross shaft on the shuttle side. The cam is a fixed structure. The lubricating oil cooler has been enlarged, and the maintenance interval has been extended to 150 million weft threads. The entire mechanism adopts a timed cycle lubrication system to dissipate heat from the oil tank, ensuring accurate and stable lubrication effects. A timed cycle blowing and cleaning system is installed on the shuttle side.
4. Beat-up mechanism
The relaxation of the beat-up mechanism is completed by the beat-up conjugate cam drive reed seat. The function of the reed seat is to beat up the weft and provide a shed path for the projectile shuttle to fly from the weft insertion box to the weft receiving box. The P7300 projectile loom has strengthened the reed seat drive mechanism, increased the diameter of the beat-up camshaft from 50mm to 60mm, and balanced the swing inertia of the reed seat, reducing dynamic stress by 20% and reducing the vibration of the loom. Up to 50%, in this way, the requirements for factory buildings are also reduced, and generally no vibration damping pads are needed.
5. Shedding mechanism
Shedding mechanism includes positive cam shedding mechanism, reciprocating positive dobby machine, rotary positive jacquard machine and high-speed edge jacquard machine, etc. The P7300 projectile loom cam opening mechanism can be equipped with 10 or 14 conjugate cams at most, and has an automatic heddle leveling device, and has two leveling heddle positions: one is to put all the heald frames flush at the same position, and adjust The height of the heald frame may be changed or the opening cam must be changed; the other method is to use automatic weft searching to level the heald frame, but the heald frame is only flat and not lifted. In this way, the automatic weft searching device can be used to weave in the heald frame without moving the heald frame. The tension of the last weft yarn remains unchanged. In addition, sealed rolling bearings are installed at the core of all connecting joints of the opening mechanism, without the need for lubricating oil; the heald frame lifting rod adopts centralized grease lubrication; the guide rod of the cam opening mechanism is strengthened, and the upper and lower ends of the guide rod are equipped with sealed balls to prevent wear bearings.
6. Let-off mechanism
The let-off mechanism of the projectile loom can be divided into mechanical let-off and electronic let-off according to the power source of the let-off. The former relies on controllable mechanical power source transmission, and the latter relies on controllable servo motor transmission. According to the type of swing rear beam, it can be divided into spring-type conventional swing rear beam and torsion bar type heavy-duty swing rear beam. The P7300 projectile loom adopts an electronically controlled warp let-off device. There are two separate sets of let-off mechanisms on the shuttle-dropping side and the shuttle-receiving side (differential gears are eliminated), and the let-off gears on the left and right sides are the same. The effective width of the loom is 190~430cm, with a single warp beam and a set of let-off mechanisms; the effective width of the loom is 330cm~430cm, “R” weight type, single warp beam uses two sets of let-off mechanisms; the effective width of the loom is 460~540cm, standard type or “R” weight type, uses two sets of let-off mechanisms. In addition, the P7300 projectile loom integrates the electronically controlled let-off and fabric take-up functions.
7. Winding mechanism
According to the different winding rollers, the winding mechanism of the projectile loom can be divided into: a winding mechanism with a standard winding roller and a winding mechanism with a floating winding roller. According to the different take-up operations, it can be divided into: mechanical fabric take-up device and electronically controlled take-up device.
The P7300 projectile loom is equipped with two different types of take-up devices:
(1) Mechanical fabric take-up device: the weft density range is 2 to 180 threads/cm; the fine adjustment range of the weft density The average is 0.4~2 threads/cm, depending on the transmission ratio of the transmission gear. The four main transmission ratios and weft density ranges are: 1:60, weft density 14~180 threads/cm; 2:60, weft density 7.2~ 88 threads/cm; 4:60, weft density 3.6~44 threads/cm; 8:60, weft density 1.6~20 threads/cm.
(2) Electronically controlled take-up device: the weft density range is 3 to 160 threads/cm; the fine adjustment range of the weft density is 0.1 threads/cm.
8. Automatic pick-finding and slow-speed transmission gear
P7300 projectile loom includes: standard component module structure; the same motor drives automatic pick-finding and slow-speed transmission; the starting handle uses gear transmission to find the broken weft device ; Looms that adopt push-button switches use electric motors to drive automatic weft-seeking and slow-speed transmission devices. In addition, the dobby and cam opening mechanism adopt the same automatic pick-seeking and slow-speed transmission devices.
9. Lubrication system
The P7300 projectile loom adopts a fixed periodic lubrication system with a rotating piston and pneumatic control. It is equipped with some central centralized lubrication devices, and additional separate lubrication devices for the hook opener and projectile hook. The partial central centralized lubrication device has three oil lines. Oil line 1 lubricates the intermediate gear between the shuttle mechanism and the drive shaft, the pedal opening mechanism or the transmission chain of the dobby and the transmission wheel train of the coiling mechanism. Oil line 2 lubricates the clutch of the weft-finding device, the shuttle chain and the positioning gear of the two-color weft selection mechanism. Oil line 3 is an additional projectile lubrication device.
10. Electronic and electrical control box
The P7300 projectile loom adopts a newly designed electronic and electrical control box, which has the following characteristics:
(1) With horizontal cross function support;
(2) Automatically correct the weft yarn detector;
(3) Automatically optimize the projectile shuttle making function;
(4) Expand the data statistics function;
(5) Have high maneuverability to adapt to the optimized weaving process Requirements;
(6) All spare parts query system.
11. Microcomputer terminal
The P7300 projectile loom adopts a touch screen graphic display terminal, which has the following functions: a. Has a human-machine dialogue interface; b. Convenient to input process parameters; c. Clearly displays instructions and instructions, and has the function of “help” guidance; d. It is equipped with a fabric tissue control system; e. Data exchange memory card, etc.
12. Electronically controlled projectile braking device and electronically controlled weft braking device
The P7300 projectile loom uses an electronically controlled stepper motor to drive its braking device. Both braking devices can be programmed to precisely control the magnitude of their braking force.
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